
أهم عيدين احتفلت بهما الكنيسة في بداياتها هما: الفصح ومعمودية الرب. فالاحتفال بمعمودية الرب، أو ما يُعرف بعيد الغطاس، سبق الاحتفال بالميلاد حتى، الذي بدأت الكنيسة تحتفل به للمرّة الأولى في القرن الرابع، عام 334 م. الكنيسة اهتمّت أكثر بالفصح والمعمودية، لأنها رأت في هاتين المناسبتين اختبار البداية الجديدة مع الرب؛ في الفصح حيث الموت والقيامة، وفي المعمودية حيث أيضًا يوجد اختبار موت وقيامة وبداية جديدة.
إذا تابعنا طريقة الاحتفال بالمعمودية، سنرى أنّه كما يحصل في الكثير من الأحيان، تُضاف بعض القصص الشعبية للحدث الأساسي، فيخبر الناس عن قصة “الدايم دايم”، فيقولون أنّ المسيح يزور الارض في ليلة عيد الغطاس عند الساعة الثانية عشر، فتنحني الخليقة والأشجار له. وفي العيد يصنع بعض الناس العجينة ويعلقونها بشجرة عيد الميلاد… حتى أنّ هناك رديّة يقولنها في المناسبة: “يللا عالدايم دايم ما يبقى حدا نايم، عجين يفور بلا خمير شجر يسجد للدايم، إقلي بخوتك يا فقير وكثّر من العزايم، المي مقدسة تصير، عم بترفرف الحمايم، شوفوا الله بقلب كبير وضووا شموع كثير كثير، ما تناموا الليلة بكير تيبقى الدايم دايم…”
إذا عُدنا للكتاب المقدس ولحدث المعمودية بالتحديد، سنُدرك أنّنا لا نحتفل اليوم بمجرد ذكرى تاريخيّة، إنّما يوجد اختبار بداية جديدة، اختبار موت وقيامة!
في نصنا من إنجيل البشير لوقا، مع بداية الإصحاح الثالث، تبدأ إرسالية يوحنا المعمدان الذي يمهّد الطريق لمجيء المسيح الرب، ويأتي الى الكورة المحيطة بالأردن يكرز بمعمودية التوبة لمغفرة الخطايا. وهنا نلاحظ مدى قوّة يوحنا وشعبيته. الذي استطاع أن ينتهر الجموع، مستخدمًا أقسى الكلمات، مثل: «يَا أَوْلاَدَ الأَفَاعِي، مَنْ أَرَاكُمْ أَنْ تَهْرُبُوا مِنَ الْغَضَبِ الآتِي؟ فَاصْنَعُوا أَثْمَارًا تَلِيقُ بِالتَّوْبَةِ. ولاَ تَبْتَدِئُوا تَقُولُونَ فِي أَنْفُسِكُمْ: لَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ أَبًا. لأَنِّي أَقُولُ لَكُمْ: إِنَّ اللهَ قَادِرٌ أَنْ يُقِيمَ مِنْ هذِهِ الْحِجَارَةِ أَوْلاَدًا لإِبْرَاهِيمَ. وَالآنَ قَدْ وُضِعَتِ الْفَأْسُ عَلَى أَصْلِ الشَّجَرِ، فَكُلُّ شَجَرَةٍ لاَ تَصْنَعُ ثَمَرًا جَيِّدًا تُقْطَعُ وَتُلْقَى فِي النَّارِ» (لوقا 3: 7-9).
يوحنا المعمدان في إنجيل لوقا يتعاظم تدريجيًا لكن بطريقة سريعة جدًا. فمع بداية الإصحاح الثالث يبدأ ظهوره الفعلي في تحقيق للنبوءة من سفر إشعياء “صَوْتُ صَارِخٍ فِي الْبَرِّيَّةِ: أَعِدُّوا طَرِيقَ الرَّبِّ، اصْنَعُوا سُبُلَهُ مُسْتَقِيمَةً”. وفجأة يمتلك الجرأة والقوة ليغضب على الناس، دون أن نقرأ عن اعتراض أي شخص!
والغريب أنّ الناس ليس فقط بقيت هادئة بعد غضب يوحنا، إنما صارت تسأله وتطلب منه النصح.
تطوّر سريع جدًا في عظمة يوحنا المعمدان، الذي استطاع ليس فقط أن ينتهر الناس ويوبخهم ويحثهم على تغيير تصرفاتهم، بل وصلت به الأمور للحاكم نفسه بسبب هيروديّا امرأة أخيه، وكل الشرور التي كان يعملها…
هذا التطوّر السريع في أهمية يوحنا المعمدان، دفعت الناس لتتساءل إن كان هو المسيح المنتظَر. فهم رأوه صاحب سلطان وكاريزما قوية، ألعلّه المسيح الذي يخلّصنا؟
لكن المميّز في سرد لوقا لقصة يوحنا وحدث المعمودية، هو تقصّده إنهاء عظمة يوحنا في إصحاح واحد! يبدأ في أوّل الإصحاح بالكرازة للناس وانتهارهم، ثم يشير عليهم كيف يجب أن يعيشوا، وبعدها ينتهر الحاكم. وإذ ينتهي به الأمر في السجن، والغريب أنّ لوقا يتقصّد سرد حدث سجن يوحنا المعمدان قبل معمودية الرب!
فيختفي الأخير من الصورة تمامًا، حتى أنه لا يُذكر في حدث المعمودية: “زَادَ هذَا أَيْضًا عَلَى الْجَمِيعِ أَنَّهُ حَبَسَ يُوحَنَّا فِي السِّجْنِ. وَلَمَّا اعْتَمَدَ جَمِيعُ الشَّعْبِ اعْتَمَدَ يَسُوعُ أَيْضًا.” (لو 3: 20-21)
مِنَ الواضح أنّ لوقا تقصّد إنهاء إرسالية يوحنا المعمدان وفصلها عن إرسالية يسوع. فظهر يسوع المسيح الذي جاء ليتعمد دون أي ذكر ليوحنا. فبعد أن اعتمد جميع الشعب، اعتمد يسوع أيضاً.
يُضاف إلى ذلك، يُفاجئنا لوقا بوضع نسب يسوع بعد حدث المعمودية، فاصلًا بين حدث المعمودية ونص التجربة في البريّة. ويعيد لوقا نسب يسوع ليس لإبراهيم فقط، كما في إنجيل متى، بل إلى الله مرورًا بآدم.
لماذا؟ أيحاول لوقا القول بأنّ مع يسوع يوجد بداية جديدة؟ بداية حيث يموت الانسان العتيق فينا ليحيا الإنسان الجديد؟
آدم الذي فينا، والخطية الأصليّة والمُتأصّلة في كلّ واحد وواحدة منّا، إذ نريد أنّ نكون كالله عارفين الخير والشر، فنريد أن نكون سادة أنفسنا والناس؛ فيأتي اختبار المعمودية ليقول لنا بأنّه مع يسوع يوجد بداية جديدة، لأنّ آدم الذي فينا يصغر، ويوحنا الذي فينا والذي ظهر كآدم حين كان يعظ الناس وكأنّه مدرك الخير والشرّ يصغر أيضًا، ليكبر من؟ المسيح وحده.
المهم في حدث المعمودية يا أحبّة، ليس مجرد الذكرى، إنّما الاختبار للبداية الجديدة والدعوة لنتغيّر. في احتفالنا بمعمودية الرب، نحن لا نقف متفرّجين على الذكرى، بل ندخل القصّة، لنختبر هذه البداية الجديدة، فنتغيّر نحن عندما ندرك أنّ آدم لا يدوم، ويوحنا لا يدوم، وكل تجبّر وقوة فينا لا تدوم… ليبقى المسيح هو الوحيد… الدايم دايم… آمين
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